As millions of men were mobilized into the army, women became the main source of labor in factories, plants, agriculture, and transport. Their share in industry increased from around 41% before the war to 55% and even higher during peak periods.
Women replaced men in all sectors, including heavy industry, metallurgy, machine building, and coal mining. They mastered traditionally male professions: turners, millers, welders, drivers, crane operators.
The primary burden of agricultural work also fell on their shoulders. Work occurred under very difficult conditions: long shifts, scarce food, cold, lack of normal living facilities.
Women often combined factory work with caring for children and elderly relatives, bearing a double load. This labor was absolutely essential. Women ensured the uninterrupted operation of the home front, the production of everything needed for the front lines, and the maintenance of the country’s viability.
This was a heroic chapter in the war’s history, demonstrating the immense capabilities and resilience of Soviet women.
